Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 -1807)

Henry Benedict Maria Clement, Cardinal York, was the younger son of the Old Pretender, James Prince of Wales, son of James II, and Maria Clementina Sobieska. He came to Scotland to support his elder brother, the Young Pretender, in 1745. On his return to Italy in 1746 he was created Bishop of Ostia. and Prefect of St Peter's, Rome, Cardinal in 1747, Archbishop of Corinth in 1759, and Bishop of Tusculum in 1761. On the death of his elder brother in 1788, he assumed the title of Henry IX. He possessed a large library which is mostly still in Rome. The arms on these bindings are made up from separate tools as is the custom in Italy, and so strictly should not be included in this armorial. The cross of an archbishop is often shown behind the arms. After 1788 the crescent, which is sometimes impressed in silver disappears, and the ducal coronet becomes a royal crown. The Cardinal's hat remains throughout, and distinguishes bindings made for Henry IX from those made for presentation to his brother Charles. During the Napoleonic occupation of Italy, Henry had to flee, and was for a time in straightened circumstances, until George III granted him a state pension.

Stamp(s) Stamp Information
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 1) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 01)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 128mm x 118mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 2) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 02)
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 128mm x 118mm
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 3) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 03)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 109mm x 72mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 4) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 04)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 90mm x 69mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: England, Heraldic Charges: France, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 5) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 05)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 122mm x 112mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: England, Heraldic Charges: France, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 6) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 06)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 148mm x 94mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: England, Heraldic Charges: France, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 7) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 07)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 130mm x 99mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 8) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 08)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 97mm x 77mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 09)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: Royal duke
Dimensions (height x width): 90mm x 69mm
Quarterings: 1 & 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 10) Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 10)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Dimensions (height x width): 109mm x 105mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Coronet: Imperial crown
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 11)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Dimensions (height x width): 160mm x 103mm
Quarterings: 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland
Heraldic Charges: France and England, Heraldic Charges: Ireland, Heraldic Charges: Scotland
Title: Henry Benedict, Cardinal York (1725 - 1807) (Stamp 12)
Arms: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency
Crown: imperial
Helmet: prelate of the Catholic Church
Dimensions (height x width): 130mm x 91mm
Quarterings: Quarterly 1 and 4. France and England quarterly 2. Scotland 3. Ireland in fess point a crescent for cadency